实际上,“社会达尔文主义”一词最早出现在美国历史学家理查德·霍夫施塔特(Richard Hofstadter),于1944年出版的著作《美国思想中的社会达尔文主义》(Social Darwinism in American Thought)中。所以用“社会达尔文主义”一词来指称1944年前的相关思想是不准确的,但是因为这种用法已被历史学界广泛采用,因而被继续沿用。
严复是近代将社会达尔文主义引入中国的影响最大的学者。1879年,严复在英国完成学业回国。回国后,严复翻译了英国生物学家赫胥黎(Thomas Henry Huxley)的著作Evolution and Ethics。严复的译著于1898年出版,取名为《天演论》。《天演论》一书,将社会达尔文主义引入了中囯。自《天演论》刊行以来,社会达尔文主义对中国的影响非常广泛、深远。有人认为它是中国近现代各种思潮的源头。
附一些相关网络文献和视频汇集:
趋利避害看待社会达尔文主义
现代社会不是社会达尔文主义的社会
从达尔文社会主义,看内卷的前世今生
社会达尔文主义:被时代抛弃的主流思潮
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism Theory: Definition & Examples
SOCIAL DARWINISM
Social Darwinism
社会达尔文主义错在哪儿?
许纪霖- 现代性的歧路:社会达尔文主义在中国
The Theory of Social Evolution by Herbert Spencer
DARWINISM & Social Darwinism, Explained [AP Euro Review—Unit 7 Topic 4]
Whoopi Goldberg, Nazi Racism, and Social Darwinism
works good. wide size works good for preventing foot pain.
- Liberia
I love these shoes. This is my 3rd pair of them. Very comfortable
- Liberia
Best and most comfortable shoes ever. I did pay $5.00 more than my normal cost.
- Guam
Very nice shoe doesn't need breaking in for very long about 2 weeks and not so difficult.
- Liberia
These are the the most comfortable shoes and my second pair of this particlar model. I wore the first out.
- Switzerland
My 5th pair of Monarch IV. Always a good fit and comfortable. The leather uppers allow me to wear in cooler weather.
- Switzerland
I love the fit, and they are very stylish. Only thing I didn't like is the box it came in was to small other then that will buy again.
- Switzerland
WOW!!! Love NIKE!!! Just perfect for my feet!! Love this shoes, you can ware them as casual dressing or for cross training!!! It is like walking on AIR!!!!
- Switzerland
This is about the 4th time that I have purchased these shoes. The other purchases were done from Penneys. They no longer appear to carry my size (square feet) in stock.
- Singapore
This is my husband's favorite shoe for comfort! He wears them for 'good' and when his older ones wear out, he rotates the newer one for work, and orders a new pair. He says they provide him with the perfect amount of support!
- Switzerland
2024-01-12 08:56:17--
I am very satisfied with the earphone cover. I received it before I went home for the New Year. It fits well, the words are clear and beautiful, and the cover is smooth. I like it.
2024-01-12 08:55:36--
There nice a few flaws like every time you open them they there’s a weird beeping sound and then sometimes it plays the disconnecting and connecting sound when you have two in but otherwise they look very real
2024-01-12 08:52:28--
Fa were very well, apart from some small inaccuracies but that you do not notice.
Arrive earlier than expected, I recommend this seller.
2024-01-12 08:52:21--
Very good !!
2024-01-12 08:51:22--
Super beautiful
2024-01-12 08:51:21--
good quality
2024-01-12 08:49:26--
nice solid shoe. true to size. will shop here again.
2024-01-12 08:49:10--
I ordered my wrong size thinking they would be bigger but my actual size would be good. The shoe itself is really great
2024-01-12 08:47:10--
Great quality and comfortable!!!
2024-01-12 08:45:53--
I do not regret my order. I recommend it to all of you
2024-01-04 19:04:38--
Love the shoes ,I recieved all the pairs I ordered. thank you ! I will be ordering regularly
2024-01-04 19:02:46--
Good seller fast shipping good shoes. Will order more.
2024-01-04 19:00:03--
Perfect of good quality
2024-01-04 18:59:12--
Great products !! Very corresponding to the photos
2024-01-04 18:57:06--
send another pair Do the right thing
2024-01-04 18:53:59--
great exactly like the real deal and great quality delighted
2024-01-04 18:50:59--
Shoes are perfect
2024-01-04 18:49:06--
Quick delivery and in great condition
2024-01-04 18:46:11--
cap and gown.shoes arrived as described.excellent service..fast shipping...
2024-01-04 18:45:52--
True to size, purchased a pair for myself and my 13 yr old. They are spot on!
2024-01-04 18:44:52--
Really nice shoes arrived on time. Quality is great. The box is a bit cheap but you throw that away anyway.
Comes with a bag for the shoes which is pretty cool.
2024-01-04 18:44:18--
awesome!!! the best quality!!! Top quality comfortable shoe Seller very responsive Took 3 weeks to get to USA after they were shipped by seller In my opinion they were worth the wait I would most definitely purchase from this seller again
2024-01-04 18:40:39--
unbelievable
2024-01-04 18:40:20--
100% satisfied.
2024-01-04 18:39:24--
very fast delivery Top
2024-01-04 18:38:26--
Very good quality very real
2024-01-04 18:36:53--
Great product. Definitely recommended
2024-01-04 18:33:12--
Typically wear a women’s 8.5 and I got a 40
2024-01-04 18:32:29--
Good quality frame. Text is not clear on sides and there is minor alignment issue of one side frame rest the box is very nice
2024-01-04 09:23:24--
Absolutely love them!!
2024-01-04 09:23:23--
look like the real thing!
2024-01-04 09:22:23--
Logistics is fast, business service attitude is good, worth buying
2024-01-04 09:20:03--
Very unsatisfied
2024-01-04 09:19:38--
Nice shoes.
2024-01-04 09:19:03--
Really awesome
2024-01-04 09:15:09--
Top Seller… Perfect article, I will definitely still buy !!! Thanks 🔝
2024-01-04 09:10:06--
The product is very high quality and I also asked for a box which was provided for me
2024-01-04 09:07:11--
SELLER IS A SCAMMER!!! SHE SENDS DIFFERENT QUALITY BATCHES DEPENDING ON WHAT SHE CAN GET. It’s never the same. DONT waste your time buying! HORRIBLE COPY!
2024-01-04 09:05:24--
LOVE THE GOODS. BUT THE BLACK BUTTERFLY BRACELET WAS BROKEN AFTER FEW WEARS..... SO SAD
2024-01-04 09:02:36--
All I can say is WOW!! Thank you all so much!! Amazing detail. Fast shipping. And it looks and feels so nice. Thanks again! Cant wait to take it on vacation with me!!
2024-01-04 09:02:15--
They were good
2024-01-04 08:57:38--
Headphones have good sound quality, especially clear sound, easy to use, fast delivery and good quality, so they are worth buying.
2024-01-04 00:07:21--
Again very satisfied! Thank you very much! 🥰
2024-01-04 00:07:16--
Love it!!!!
2024-01-04 00:07:10--
beautiful!!!
2024-01-04 00:07:06--
Superb perfect
2024-01-04 00:06:15--
Excellent bag, after a counterattack the seller sent again adding a gift to make x donate.
Delivery on scheduled times
2024-01-04 00:03:26--
Love the bag
2024-01-04 00:00:31--
took approximately 14 days to receive, from day of payment to receiving it (china to UK). Communications were great, and product itself is very good, came well packaged in MK Box and dust bag, although dust bag ink was bleeding (see pic), and the purse itself came with a very strong glue smell, which disappears after a few days. zips and tags look genuine, as does the MK fabric inside the purse. overall a good product for the price, I opted for the more expensive 'leather' purse, but there it's not leather at all, more like a faux leather.
2024-01-04 00:00:13--
Nice color
2024-01-03 23:59:45--
Best dupes ever
2024-01-03 23:55:32--
looks like the original!! very nice good quality
2024-01-03 23:54:41--
Happy with this purchase. No complaints except for the smelly leather.
2024-01-03 23:54:00--
looks exactly like the original. I am highly impressed! I highly recommend
2024-01-03 23:46:20--
It was well packaged, with no damage to the box whatsoever. The bag has a slight smell, but I'm sure it will be fine once I air it out. I was amazed that the bag was such good quality considering the price. Will definitely order again
2024-01-03 23:46:04--
Really great 😍
2024-01-03 23:29:22--
Not exactly rose good coulor looks different tone to my rose gold Cartier bangles it is still pretty can just tell it’s not genuine
2024-01-03 23:27:10--
Beautiful bracelet
2024-01-01 00:49:10--
The box and bracelet look amazing. I’m really happy with the quality of the product and how fancy it looks!
2024-01-01 00:48:58--
i love my bracelet it’s so pretty and it’s heavy. it comes with the screwdriver and it got here pretty fast, about a week. definitely recommend buying!